Problems Faced by Illiterates Essay - 478 Words

Imagine for a minute that one day you wake from a nights sleep to find nothing as it was, you dont know where you are, the people around you, or any aspect of your life that you were so sure of the night before. Imagine the feeling of confusion and uncertainty that a situation of that sort would have. This chaos is not far from what millions of illiterates feel on a daily basis. The phrase illiteracy applies to more than a simple inability to read or write. There is also functional illiteracy. Functional illiterates can read words but they cannot comprehend their meanings, synthesize information or make decision based on what they read. Illiteracy could also be defined as restriction or confinement due to the simple fact that,†¦show more content†¦Illiterate run in to problems everyday and everywhere. They always have to depend on how the picture looks and take that chance in thinking that, that is what they are buying. One of the scariest things would have to be when you are in a situation and your life is in danger or at risk and there is nothing you can do to help yourself. This panic is not so different from the misery that millions of adults experience each day within the course of their routine existence in the U.S.A.. ( Kozol 231) Not being able to read a warning sign on medicine bottles or the directions in taking the medicine is a dangerous situation. When having to take medications, it is a very risky chance because they may have an allergic reaction to the medication because they couldnt read the part where is says if you are allergic to acetaminophen. A recent study showed that thirty percent of 2,659 people had a inadequate functional health illiteracy meaning that they could not comprehend the pg.3 written instructions on the prescription bottles. A doctor noted that adults with limited literacy face formidable problems using the health care system. They are less likely to use screening procedures, follow medical regimens, keepShow MoreRelatedPush Essay example675 Words   |  3 Pagesdiscrimination of women; illiterate and poor, but more importantly, how these women fight back on their own without male support. Furthermore, we can observe how the feminist approach of the author is a reaction to fantastical myths of ideal feminine lives, such as Cinderella, where the two characters live happily ever after. Claireece Precious Jones is the extreme opposite of what we may call the white, middle-class, and happy, stereotypical girl. Far from normal, this black, illiterate and poor eighteenRead MoreWhy Should Children Be Held Back?993 Words   |  4 Pagesshould these children be held back? To begin, one of the major problems in education is that education is unbalanced based on certain groups of people, including academic level, location, etc. According to the speakingbooks.com, â€Å"One in five people are illiterate today, â…” being women.† Women are still stereotyped as trivial, and are not provided the education that a man would get. Speakingbooks.com also states, â€Å"98% of illiterate people are concentrated in three key areas: South and West Asia,Read MoreMajor Issues Concernig Saarc Countries Its Solutions670 Words   |  3 Pages†¢ The biggest problem faced by any SAARC country is poverty. Poverty has a wide spectrum of causes which vary from country to country. Issues like Naxalism in India, Civil wars in Sri Lanka, Terrorism in Pakistan have a direct link to poverty. Illiteracy and ignorance have resulted in an unbridled rise in population in many under developed nations. This is one of the alarming problems faced by the world consideri ng its impact on global food and commodity market. The impact is so severe that, IndiaRead MoreOccupational Safety And Health Agency1408 Words   |  6 Pagesthe future. Some inscriptions on the safety equipment could be in a foreign language, and so is the complicated machinery. Without proper training in a language that the employees understand, then the trainers do nothing much to solve any future problems (Burt, 2015). Further, most casual laborers often face the risk of injury and chances that they are less educated are high in comparison to their counterparts that do the white-collar jobs. As such, a local language is the best way to address theirRead MoreAmerica, Mexico, The Caribbean, And South America Make Up Latin America Essay1070 Words   |  5 Pageslargest source of U.S immigrants, both documented and not. The life expectancy for females is 72 years of age and the life expectancy for males is 79 years of age in Latin American. Just about 35 million people in Latin America over the age of 15 are illiterate, meaning they can neither read nor write. In this region, child poverty affects about 81 million people under the age of 18. Latin America has recorded a decrease in the infant mortality rate. The infant mortality dropped from 128 deaths per 1,000Read MoreShort Term Effects Of Reconstruction Essay982 Words   |  4 Pagessolve the problems with rebuilding the nation, their solutions were short term and failed to address the problem. There were many disagreements about Reconstruction that lead to conflict in the government and in the South. There were many plans that the government created to give African Americans rights that failed. Rebuilding the Nation, the battle over Reconstruction, and finally the end of Reconstruction led to several short and long term effects. The government tried to solve key problems facingRead MoreChallenges Faced By Women Entrepreneurs1579 Words   |  7 PagesThe various Constrains faced by Women Entrepreneur Although there are many contributions to be accredited to women entrepreneurs, a number of constraints have been identified as detriments to these contributions. Women entrepreneurs face many challenges, which include: government rules and regulations, lack of access to finance, assets, information technology, infrastructure and other facilities that enable their efficiency and business growth (United Nations, 2006). Kantor (1999) rightly arguedRead MoreNew York : First Vintage Contemporaries1651 Words   |  7 Pagesreceived an MFA from Brooklyn College. For tens she lived in Harlem, where she taught reading and writing to teenagers and adults. Sapphire is best known for her 1997 novel Push. 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The Adventures of Ibn Battuta a Muslim Traveler of the Fourteenth Century Free Essays

â€Å"The Adventures of Ibn Battuta: A Muslim Traveler of the Fourteenth Century† Translation: Ross E. Dunn Ibn Batutta was a self-proclaimed scholar of the fourteenth century who traveled extensively throughout sub-Saharan Africa under the banner of Islam, and wrote of his travels in an autobiographical book entitled ‘The Travels of Ibn Battuta’. The financing for his ventures was derived from Muslim rulers inhabiting the cities he visited. We will write a custom essay sample on The Adventures of Ibn Battuta: a Muslim Traveler of the Fourteenth Century or any similar topic only for you Order Now His text regarding the cities and their occupants provide great insight into the cultural diversity and economic conditions of medieval Africa, Middle East and Asia.Ibn Battuta also exposes intricate details of daily life regarding food, clothing and rituals. His journals relay a precarious existence where food is not always palatable; clothing is optional and indigenous rituals conflict with his own beliefs. Religious studies students may question the need for this intricate detail; however, Ibn Battuta was gathering the crucial knowledge to help other Muslims make the journey. His observances also allowed community leaders to learn of the actions of other community leaders.Among his many observations Ibn Battuta describes the terrain where he travels and the manner in which each community receives him. On many occasions, particularly when crossing the desert, advance notice was sent to make provisions for his lodging. This advanced notice also served a vital task, to arrange for a group of people to meet the traveling party several days outside of town with the necessary supplies to complete the journey. The text discloses unfortunate events where couriers were lost, resulting in the death of entire parties because additional supplies were never sent to meet them.Recording this type of information would be an invaluable resource for other Muslims who desire to go on a pilgrimage. The Travels also discuss the danger of storms at sea and seasonal conditions that limited the availability of this mode of transportation. The rigorous and perilous nature of distant travel is emphasized in the text and endured often by Ibn Battuta throughout his life. Although he expresses a modicum of regret at his abstinence from a stationary life, his descriptions of events and beautiful places belie his propensity for wanderlust.This seems a rather unexpected attitude for a religious scholar caught in the midst of d esert travel. But from the standpoint of the reader, beauty serves as reward for the hardships endured on the journey. Several other passages in the text divulge the author’s valuation of nature and beauty. The Ibn Battuta reflects an almost pantheistic attitude that is simultaneously appreciative and respectful of both the desert and cultivated gardens. It is likely that this expressed reverence toward nature was intended as an enticement or encouragement his audience to travel.Interestingly enough Battuta also expresses knowledge about Plato Although Ibn Battuta seems to be content with all facets of nature, and speaks highly of the morals and purity of many men, discord appears when his beliefs are challenged by the perception of unconventional behavior, such as the wood burning ceremony in Om Obida, Persi, or the burning of widows in Hindustan, â€Å"The woman adorns herself, and is accompanied by cavalcade of the Infidel Hindoos and Brahmans, with drums, trumpets and men following he r, both Infidel and Muslim alike† (emphasis mine) He also remarks about his shock regarding the public nudity of women.This is another example of direct contrast with his cultural heritage, which dictates that women are kept completely covered with the exception of their eyes. This reaction comes as no surprise because sexual infidelity, on behalf of women, is contrary to Ibn Battuta’s religious beliefs. As an ulama, Ibn Battuta’s Muslim beliefs were far more conservative than many of the cultures he visited. The text of Ibn Battuta stands as a relevant work from and autobiographical standpoint, as well as a study of regional cultural diversity among Islamic communities.It can be said that Ibn Battuta functioned as a type of intelligentsia for the medival Muslim communities, spreading information between the many towns he visited. His journal entries could easily have influenced the attitudes of community leaders by allowing a direct comparison with the practices and habits of other rulers. Through this methodology, Battuta garnered a modicum of individual power.Although community leaders did not fear Ibn Battuta, his critique of their habits could cause other communities to question a particular leaders respect of Muslim charity laws. This would also call into question that leaders religious devotion to Muslim tradition. Students of religious studies can use the text to discern historical information about the size and resources of ancient cities, trade relationships/predominant commodities of value, and similarities and differences in the cultures of the Fourteenth Century Islamicate.We are also given an idea of the prosperity of cities despite any possible bias the author might have held toward particular regions or rulers. Closer examination reveals, for the most part, Muslim reverence for travelers on pilgrimage and particularly those of the Ulama class. Perhaps most importantly, the author relays information about daily Muslim life in the medieval age that is not readily available from other academic sources. How to cite The Adventures of Ibn Battuta: a Muslim Traveler of the Fourteenth Century, Papers

Ned Kelly

Ned Kelly- Castles Essay This is a brief paragraph or two on each of the major siegeweapons. For the not just the besiegers but also thedefenders. Please note most of these weapons were notused alone and often had many different versions of thesame weapon. KNIGHT At age seven a son of a noblefamily was sent to a nobleman or lord, often who was arelative. Here he was a page and taught how to ride ahorse, and his manners. At the age of fourteen he wasapprenticed to a knight. As the squire to the knight hewould take care of his horse, help him put the knightsarmor on and keep it clean. In turn he was taught how touse a bow, carve meat, and other knightly skills. The squirewould have to go into battle with the knight to help himwhen he was wounded or unhorsed. If the squire wassuccessful he would be knighted at the age of 21. Whenthere wasnt a war going on knight would have to practice,practice, and practice some more. They would wrestle,fight with blunt swords, do acrobatics, and also do sportslike javelin and putting which is throwing a heavy stone asfar as you can. Experienced knights would participate intournaments held by the king. The winner would usually justget bragging rights and sometimes a sum of money. Themost common event was jousting. Jousting is a sport whereto fully armored knights ride at each other on horses whileaiming a long wooden lance at the each other. With speedsreaching 60 miles per hour sometimes there could be fatalaccidents. If the person was knocked off the other wasvictorious. CATAPULTS The catapult, was invented bythe Romans, and plays a large role in the siege of anycastle. Besiegers could fire 100-200 pound stones up to1,000 feet. The catapult was used to destroy buildings andwalls inside and outside of the castle walls, it could alsodestroy an enemies moral by throwing severed heads ofcomrades, they could spread disease by throwing shit anddead animals in, and they could destroy wooden buildingby throwing bundles of fire in. Earlier models just used alarg e weight on one end of a pivoting arm. The arm waspulled back the missile was placed and then let go. Theweight went down the arm went up and good-bye missile. We will write a custom essay on Ned Kelly- Castles specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Another later model gained its power from a tightly woundskein of rope, hair, and skin. the skeins were twistedincredibly tight and then had a wooden arm up to sixty feetlong placed in between them. The arm was pulled backusing pulleys and rope the missile was placed in the woodcup and then the arm was released. The arm sprang to a 90degree angle where it was stopped by a large paddedpiece of wood. The arm was then brought back downagain and fired again. CROSSBOW The crossbow is anincredibly powerful weapon in the arsenal of any army. Awell aimed shot could kill a person even if they werewearing armor! It did however take a long time to reloadthis made it and ideal weapon for defenders of a castle. While reloading defenders could hide behind battlementswhere they wouldnt get shot. Sometimes a crossbowmenwould have an assistant to reload while they were aiminganother crossbow. Besiegers after a while built smallmovable shields where bowmen could reload. Thecrossbow gained its power from a tight cord was pulledback over a small bump, the bolt was then placed in a littlecrevice and when the trigger was pulled the bolt would goflying. The bolt was a small foot long arrow with a foursided iron tip. When reloading the crossbow you wouldhave to put your foot in the stirrup and pull back the cordsome crossbows were too taught so a windlass and pulleywere needed. BALLISTA The ballista was like a muchlarger version of the crossbow used by besiegers. Theballista used by the ancient Greeks was and anti-personnelweapon. It was placed outside the city doors to discouragesorties, when defenders rush out for a counterattack. .uf8f2495c1eb074364cf26f5e63e56f72 , .uf8f2495c1eb074364cf26f5e63e56f72 .postImageUrl , .uf8f2495c1eb074364cf26f5e63e56f72 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf8f2495c1eb074364cf26f5e63e56f72 , .uf8f2495c1eb074364cf26f5e63e56f72:hover , .uf8f2495c1eb074364cf26f5e63e56f72:visited , .uf8f2495c1eb074364cf26f5e63e56f72:active { border:0!important; } .uf8f2495c1eb074364cf26f5e63e56f72 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf8f2495c1eb074364cf26f5e63e56f72 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf8f2495c1eb074364cf26f5e63e56f72:active , .uf8f2495c1eb074364cf26f5e63e56f72:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf8f2495c1eb074364cf26f5e63e56f72 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf8f2495c1eb074364cf26f5e63e56f72 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf8f2495c1eb074364cf26f5e63e56f72 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf8f2495c1eb074364cf26f5e63e56f72 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf8f2495c1eb074364cf26f5e63e56f72:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf8f2495c1eb074364cf26f5e63e56f72 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf8f2495c1eb074364cf26f5e63e56f72 .uf8f2495c1eb074364cf26f5e63e56f72-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf8f2495c1eb074364cf26f5e63e56f72:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: X-mas EssaySIEGE TOWERS Sometimes if other methods had failedan attacker would have to build large siege towers. Siegetowers were wooden structures on wheels that were justtaller than the castle wall itself. The tower had a largedrawbridge type thing that lowered at wall level. When thedrawbridge was lowered attackers rushed in. The towerhad arrow slits so attacking archers could pick offdefenders. The tower ran the risk of being burned from firearrows so besiegers placed animal hides on the side todeflect arrows. If a castle had a ditch surrounding it theditch had to be blocked with wood and dirt then rolled upnext to the wall. Sometimes if a castle had a body of watersur rounding it siege towers had to be placed on boats thenferried across. If siege towers were not available scalingladders had to be used scaling ladders however could bethrone off and rocks and boiling water could be tossed atmen on them. RAM A ram was used to actually breakdown a wall or door. A ram was usually one or more treesthat had a metal tip on the end was either held by people orswung on chains while inside a small penthouse. The ramcould break down the wall and when it did besiegersstormed in. This was dangerous work for the people sincestones and arrows were flying down onto them. They thenbuilt wooden penthouses to deflect those and keep themsafe. Defenders would toss mattresses to cushion theblows. MACHICOLATIONS Machicolations were piecesof the castle that jutted out from the top of walls that alouddefenders to throw rocks, boiling water, and otheroffensive substances down on the people below. Versionsof machicolations have been incorporated into castles allover Europe. One in most usually found in the gate houseare murder holes they are little holes in the ceiling wheredefenders throw all sorts of things down on attackers. TUNNELING Tunneling was one of the techniques usedby besiegers only if they planned for a long and hard battle. They didnt use it very much because of expense. Whenthey would do it they dug under one of the towers and setup shoring. When they had dug far enough under they puttwigs and flammable substances then burn it all. If itworked properly the tunnel would cave in and the towerwould crumble to pieces. Defenders to counter act thiswould either put out large puddles of water so that anytunneling would create ripples then they could counter digand have an underground fight, or they could just have amoat which would make digging hard and dangerous.